Description:
The Opener Scale by Miller et al. (1983) was developed to assess the tendency to elicit intimate information from other people. It consists of 10 items with a 4-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree". A German version of the Opener Scale was developed by Renner et al. (2006).
Citation:
When using the German version of the Opener Scale, the correct citation is:
Sproesser, G., Strohbach, S., Schupp, H., & Renner, B. (2011). Candy or apple? How self‐control resources and motives impact dietary healthiness in women. Appetite, 56, 784‐787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2011.01.028
When using the English version of the Opener Scale, the correct citation is:
Miller, L.C., Berg, J.H., & Archer, R.L. (1983). Openers: Individuals who elicit intimate self-disclosure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 1234-1244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.6.1234